#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
void solve() {
int n;
cin >> n;
vector<int> nums(n);
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
cin >> nums[i];
}
long long sum = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sum = sum + nums[i];
}
cout << sum - (n - 1) << endl;
}
int main() {
int t;
cin >> t;
while(t--) {
solve();
}
return 0;
}
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